Keywords: Marx, surplus value, reproduction of labor force, definition of production and comsumption, social consumption, consumptive labor, reductions in value of labor-power in social comsumption, service industry, service industry capital, functions of service industry, movement of service industry capital, economy in social consumption, end of the general private ownership, profits of service industry capital, source of profits of service industry capital capital
Keywords: Arthur Lewis, Lewis model, surplus labor, constant wages, subsistence wages, deagriculturalization, migration of agricultural labor, laber transfer and transfer speed, agricultural share of labor (ASL), falling speed of ASL, equilibrium of migration of agricultural labor, agricultural productivity gap, Lewis turning point, rising wages with surplus labor, rising wages with agricultural productivity gap, China, China’s great famine
Keywords: Migration of agricultural labor, agricultural share of labor (ASL), falling speed of ASL, migration rate, migration equilibrium, migration disequilibrium and inflation, migration rate and fluctuation in agriculatural price, agricultural price and CPI, inflations of developing countries, China
Keywords: Migration of agricultural labor, Todaro model, facts of migration of agricultural labor, agricultural share of labor (ASL), falling speed of ASL, migration rate and unemployment rate, output effects of migration of agricultural labor, macroeconomics of migration, USA, China
Keywords: Migration of agricultural labor, measures of migration of agricultural labor, agricultural share of labor (ASL), migration rate, falling speed of ASL, migration equilibrium, equilibrium falling speed of ASL, migration fluctuations, macroeconomics of migration
注1: 公式 a = (v–j)/(i–j) 的推导:已知CPI、食品价格和非食品价格三者变化率的关系为v=ai+(1-a)j。从该式解出v= ai+j–aj = a(i–j)+j。移项为v–j=a(i–j),解出a= (v–j)/(i–j)。
注2:美国数据来源:
食品支出比重:U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011,Table 1 (2007-2008 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2010,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2010.pdf;2012,Table 1 (2009-2010 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2011,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2011.pdf;2013,Table 1 (2009-2010 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2012,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2012.pdf;2014,Table 1 (2011-2012 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2013,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2013.pdf;2015,Table 1 (2011-2012 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2014,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2014.pdf;2016,Table 1 (2013-2014 Weights):Relative importance of components in the Consumer Price Indexes: U.S. city average, December 2015,https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/relative-importance/2010.pdf。以上所有数据皆于2019年3月1日检索。农业产值比:World Bank, 2018, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing, Value Added (% of GDP), World Bank National Account Dada, and OECD National Accounts data files. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/nv.agr.totl.zs,2019年3月1日检索。